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Casual Articles - How Do I Know If I Am Having a Heart Attack?
Step Five: Identify your Own Learning Preferences and Advocate for YourselfThis is the fifth secret to academic success; if you haven’t already, please read secrets one through four as well as step six, so you become familiar with all the components that will help you succeed.Socrates, an early Greek philosopher, was a proponent of self-knowledge. In fact, one of his most famous maxims is “Know thyself.” This is valuable advice for anyone, but is especially important for students who desire to improve their school grades or standardized test scores. Students who have comprehensive knowledge of their own learning styles, preferences, skills, talents, strengths and weakness are in the best position to achieve the highest level of success. Not only will increased self-knowledge help you to navigate exams and homework assignments with less effort, increased self knowledge will help you effectively communicate with educators so that they can help you in the ways that will best support you.Everyone learns differently: some students are excellent visual learners and learn best when instructors draw pictures, graphs and diagrams on the board; some students are auditory learners and learn best when instructors speak their lessons out loud; others are kinesthetic learners and learn best by doing things (there are, in fa
Angina- Pectoris and Decubitus
When the heart muscle receives insufficient oxygen it produces lactic and pyruvic acids and these produces the tightness in the chest known as angina the type of angina which occurs during exercise is termed Angina Pectoris.
The obvious treatment is to reduce the heart work by ceasing whatever activity has caused the heart rate to rise.
Whilst typically angina pectoris occurs as tightness in the chest it may move up into the throat or down one or both arms. Occasionally it may only occur in the teeth or in the back between the shoulder blades. Patients may describe it as a “weight on my chest” or “constriction”. Occasionally the only symptom may be
Ever seen a watermelon fruit? Well, simply put, it huge. Now, compare it to its source... the watermelon seed. It seems impossible to imagine that a tiny seed would grow into such a such a massive fruit. This phenomenon of getting big, fruity results out of tiny sources works parallel to the concept of secured loans. By giving a low interest on the installment every month, one can actually fund major projects. So, be it buying a new house of your dreams or funding your child's education, going for a makeover surgery or exploring an exotic holiday destination, getting yourself the latest car model in the market or expanding your business, secured personal loans gratify your every financial need.Your home equity can actually get you hefty loans at low interest rates, in fact the lowest in the market as other loans such as the unsecured loans carry almost double the APR of secured personal loans. Secured loans have a long repayment period that can stretch from 5 to 25 years and may even go up to 30 years, subject to lender's credit policy.A secured loan is basically calculated on the value of the equity in the borrower's house. Equity if the market value of the house minus all debts running against the house. Greater the equity, greater the loan eligibility for the borrower. Although most borrowers grant loans up to 90%
Surrounding the dead muscle is a variable sized area of heart muscle at risk of dying because of inadequate oxygen supply – this condition is known as myocardial ischaemia.
The heart rate is under the control of the autonomic nervous systems, which, in the case of the heart, is driven by adrenaline the so-called “flight or fight” hormone.
Adrenaline acts at various sites of the body
- On the sinus node in the heart which controls rate to increase heart rate
- On the bronchial tubes in the lung to cause them to dilate allowing greater flow of air into the lungs
- On the small arteries in the skin and gut to constrict (narrow) reducing blood flow to these areas and making more blood available to the muscles- to fight or fly
- Increases the blood sugar by increasing breakdown of glycogen to glucose, important food for the muscles to contract better.
Whilst increased adrenaline production is common with exercise it also occurs in states of shock, fear, or anger producing gooseflesh and sweating (remember the first time you saw the shower scene in the Hitchcock Movie Psycho).
As well as increasing the heart rate adrenaline may cause cardiac irregularity, increased blood pressure, or palpitations. It is this irregularity which may lead the heart to chaotic beats and finally fibrillation and death.
This is the first symptom of a heart attack in about 20% of people – sudden death – the victim just collapses to the ground. Whilst he may gasp a few breaths he has no cardiac output- no blood is leaving his heart- he is pulseless.
This terminal condition (ventricular fibrillation) is very easily treated by first aid measures and cardiac shock- termed defibrillation. Nowadays many areas which have high populations (or as in aeroplanes, confined areas) have people friendly defibrillators available which only shock patients who have rhythms which are treatable by shock. These machines have easy instructions and any bystander who can read can apply the electrodes and save the patient’s life.
Often people wrongly refer to this cause of death as a massive heart attack- it takes some time (often up to an hour) to die from a massive heart attack. In this case the heart attack causes such significant damage to the main ventricle of the heart as to reduce blood pressure to critically low levels and death results.
Cause of Heart Attacks
The pathological cause of heart attacks is a clot of blood, which forms over an area on the lining of a coronary artery which, is “ready” for a clot to form – this area is termed a vulnerable plaque. It was previously thought that clots developed on the lining of arterial walls that had become calcified and thickened - it is now known that rarely are these areas the sites of clots.
Calcification and deposition of cholesterol within the arterial wall reduces the lumen size and therefore flow of blood through this section of the artery is likewise reduced. This reduced flow may be sufficient to provide enough oxygen to the heart muscle during rest or light work. However once the heart is required to work harder the blood flow is insufficient to provide enough oxygen to the heart muscle and symptoms follow.
Angina- Pectoris and Decubitus
When the heart muscle receives insufficient oxygen it produces lactic and pyruvic acids and these produces the tightness in the chest known as angina the type of angina which occurs during exercise is termed Angina Pectoris.
The obvious treatment is to reduce the heart work by ceasing whatever activity has caused the heart rate to rise.
Whilst typically angina pectoris occurs as tightness in the chest it may move up into the throat or down one or both arms. Occasionally it may only occur in the teeth or in the back between the shoulder blades. Patients may describe it as a “weight on my chest” or “constriction”. Occasionally the only symptom may be
Honk if you Love Pluto! Casual surveys such as this bumper sticker quote began springing up immediately following the International Astronomical Union's decision to reverse itself when the definition of a 'planet' suddenly ousted Pluto. At the same time the bounds of our Solar System lurched significantly closer, it seems as if our imaginations about the boundlessness of space were suddenly more confined.In 1930, the announcement of Pluto's discovery was poetic and imaginative. Pluto was described as being, “black as coal, nearly dense as iron, [and] twice as dense as the heaviest earthly surface rocks.” Lofty names were suggested including that of the reigning King, the astronomer, Lowell, who located it, President Hoover and Minerva. The name of one of Saturn's sons, Pluto, was the result.The buzz and whir of telescopes and stunning calculations of mathematicians were set to play against the cold, dark night of space. From 1930, forward to our announcements of three new planets, Saturn, Uranus, Jupiter and Neptune collected a total of eighty-eight satellites and moons between them. Even Pluto gathered up Charon, Nix and Hydra as satellites. The frenzy and expansion of space was perfectly fitting.The everyday man was encouraged to draw space in his imagination in his own likeness. No fantasy was too fantastic;
- On the sinus node in the heart which controls rate to increase heart rate
- On the bronchial tubes in the lung to cause them to dilate allowing greater flow of air into the lungs
- On the small arteries in the skin and gut to constrict (narrow) reducing blood flow to these areas and making more blood available to the muscles- to fight or fly
- Increases the blood sugar by increasing breakdown of glycogen to glucose, important food for the muscles to contract better.
Whilst increased adrenaline production is common with exercise it also occurs in states of shock, fear, or anger producing gooseflesh and sweating (remember the first time you saw the shower scene in the Hitchcock Movie Psycho).
As well as increasing the heart rate adrenaline may cause cardiac irregularity, increased blood pressure, or palpitations. It is this irregularity which may lead the heart to chaotic beats and finally fibrillation and death.
This is the first symptom of a heart attack in about 20% of people – sudden death – the victim just collapses to the ground. Whilst he may gasp a few breaths he has no cardiac output- no blood is leaving his heart- he is pulseless.
This terminal condition (ventricular fibrillation) is very easily treated by first aid measures and cardiac shock- termed defibrillation. Nowadays many areas which have high populations (or as in aeroplanes, confined areas) have people friendly defibrillators available which only shock patients who have rhythms which are treatable by shock. These machines have easy instructions and any bystander who can read can apply the electrodes and save the patient’s life.
Often people wrongly refer to this cause of death as a massive heart attack- it takes some time (often up to an hour) to die from a massive heart attack. In this case the heart attack causes such significant damage to the main ventricle of the heart as to reduce blood pressure to critically low levels and death results.
Cause of Heart Attacks
The pathological cause of heart attacks is a clot of blood, which forms over an area on the lining of a coronary artery which, is “ready” for a clot to form – this area is termed a vulnerable plaque. It was previously thought that clots developed on the lining of arterial walls that had become calcified and thickened - it is now known that rarely are these areas the sites of clots.
Calcification and deposition of cholesterol within the arterial wall reduces the lumen size and therefore flow of blood through this section of the artery is likewise reduced. This reduced flow may be sufficient to provide enough oxygen to the heart muscle during rest or light work. However once the heart is required to work harder the blood flow is insufficient to provide enough oxygen to the heart muscle and symptoms follow.
Angina- Pectoris and Decubitus
When the heart muscle receives insufficient oxygen it produces lactic and pyruvic acids and these produces the tightness in the chest known as angina the type of angina which occurs during exercise is termed Angina Pectoris.
The obvious treatment is to reduce the heart work by ceasing whatever activity has caused the heart rate to rise.
Whilst typically angina pectoris occurs as tightness in the chest it may move up into the throat or down one or both arms. Occasionally it may only occur in the teeth or in the back between the shoulder blades. Patients may describe it as a “weight on my chest” or “constriction”. Occasionally the only symptom may be
If you are in an auto accident - the last thing on your mind should be money. It is important to know you are covered and what that coverage includes.While thinking about wrecking your car probably isn't the most pleasant thought, it is important to purchase auto insurance so you will be compensated for your losses and have funds secured for those unforeseen events.The value of auto insurance cannot be stressed enough. If you are an uninsured driver involved in an accident, you may face thousands - possibly millions - of dollars in expenses, depending on the severity of the situation.So you've purchased auto insurance. That's good. Even more important, however, is knowing what that auto insurance covers if you are involved in a wreck or find your automobile broken into.There are several types of personal auto insurance coverage. While you are not required to purchase all of the offered coverages, most states require you buy a few of them. Let's examine some of the coverages you might find in your personal auto insurance policy:The basics of auto insurance include liability, property, medical and under/uninsured motorist coverage.Liability coverage pays for bodily injury or property damage claims to those you are legally responsible for. This coverage takes care of the damage you cause to so
This is the first symptom of a heart attack in about 20% of people – sudden death – the victim just collapses to the ground. Whilst he may gasp a few breaths he has no cardiac output- no blood is leaving his heart- he is pulseless.
This terminal condition (ventricular fibrillation) is very easily treated by first aid measures and cardiac shock- termed defibrillation. Nowadays many areas which have high populations (or as in aeroplanes, confined areas) have people friendly defibrillators available which only shock patients who have rhythms which are treatable by shock. These machines have easy instructions and any bystander who can read can apply the electrodes and save the patient’s life.
Often people wrongly refer to this cause of death as a massive heart attack- it takes some time (often up to an hour) to die from a massive heart attack. In this case the heart attack causes such significant damage to the main ventricle of the heart as to reduce blood pressure to critically low levels and death results.
Cause of Heart Attacks
The pathological cause of heart attacks is a clot of blood, which forms over an area on the lining of a coronary artery which, is “ready” for a clot to form – this area is termed a vulnerable plaque. It was previously thought that clots developed on the lining of arterial walls that had become calcified and thickened - it is now known that rarely are these areas the sites of clots.
Calcification and deposition of cholesterol within the arterial wall reduces the lumen size and therefore flow of blood through this section of the artery is likewise reduced. This reduced flow may be sufficient to provide enough oxygen to the heart muscle during rest or light work. However once the heart is required to work harder the blood flow is insufficient to provide enough oxygen to the heart muscle and symptoms follow.
Angina- Pectoris and Decubitus
When the heart muscle receives insufficient oxygen it produces lactic and pyruvic acids and these produces the tightness in the chest known as angina the type of angina which occurs during exercise is termed Angina Pectoris.
The obvious treatment is to reduce the heart work by ceasing whatever activity has caused the heart rate to rise.
Whilst typically angina pectoris occurs as tightness in the chest it may move up into the throat or down one or both arms. Occasionally it may only occur in the teeth or in the back between the shoulder blades. Patients may describe it as a “weight on my chest” or “constriction”. Occasionally the only symptom may be
We`ve been discussing on several blogs the essence of "Pricing a home to sell". As the market has changed so has the marketing and listing of a home. Today overpricing a home won`t accomplish anything except keeping the home on the market for a very long time!Case in point:Two months ago we had a buyer make an offer on a home located in Oklawaha,Florida. The home is situated on an a small lake and the seller was asking $245,000. The Comps in the area didn`t justify the price and we made what we thought was a very reasonable offer based on the recent sales in the area. Our offer of $192,000 was indeed rejected and the seller refused to counter.We spoke to the buyer and told him that we should notify the seller to keep our offer and if anything changes, contact us. The home was listed on the market for almost 9 months which as many of you know the longer a home remains on the market the harder it becomes to sell it!I kept an eye on the listing each week and noticed on Monday that the seller decided to lower their price to $224,900. I was convinced that the seller was finally "motivated to sell". I called the buyer and asked if they were still interested in the home, and they responded with a resounding YES!This time I explained to our buyer that our offer needs to be bumped up a few points. After
Cause of Heart Attacks
The pathological cause of heart attacks is a clot of blood, which forms over an area on the lining of a coronary artery which, is “ready” for a clot to form – this area is termed a vulnerable plaque. It was previously thought that clots developed on the lining of arterial walls that had become calcified and thickened - it is now known that rarely are these areas the sites of clots.
Calcification and deposition of cholesterol within the arterial wall reduces the lumen size and therefore flow of blood through this section of the artery is likewise reduced. This reduced flow may be sufficient to provide enough oxygen to the heart muscle during rest or light work. However once the heart is required to work harder the blood flow is insufficient to provide enough oxygen to the heart muscle and symptoms follow.
Angina- Pectoris and Decubitus
When the heart muscle receives insufficient oxygen it produces lactic and pyruvic acids and these produces the tightness in the chest known as angina the type of angina which occurs during exercise is termed Angina Pectoris.
The obvious treatment is to reduce the heart work by ceasing whatever activity has caused the heart rate to rise.
Whilst typically angina pectoris occurs as tightness in the chest it may move up into the throat or down one or both arms. Occasionally it may only occur in the teeth or in the back between the shoulder blades. Patients may describe it as a “weight on my chest” or “constriction”. Occasionally the only symptom may be
We've all heard the term "body Language", but do you really understand it? Body Language is a form of nonverbal communication which is usually understood as the process of sending and receiving wordless messages. Such messages can be communicated through gesture, proximity, body language or posture, facial expressions and eye contact. Generally speaking, there are two things that happen during a conversation; content and process.1. Content is what actually is said. 2. Process is all the other things that happen during a conversation.In other words, the content is when we say one thing and the process is when we mean another thing.Understanding your date's body language or nonverbal communication can help you determine whether or not your date is on the right track. Misreading your date is perhaps the number one reason that a date becomes a disaster. Many singles often say that they were unsure what their date was thinking or feeling which led to an uncomfortable situation. To help you avoid uncomfortable or a confusing date, read the following 6 nonverbal indicators to help you better understand whether or not your date is interested in you.1. Eye contact While sitting with your date, pay close attention to whether or not your date makes routine eye contact. Eye contact or the lack thereof is
Angina- Pectoris and Decubitus
When the heart muscle receives insufficient oxygen it produces lactic and pyruvic acids and these produces the tightness in the chest known as angina the type of angina which occurs during exercise is termed Angina Pectoris.
The obvious treatment is to reduce the heart work by ceasing whatever activity has caused the heart rate to rise.
Whilst typically angina pectoris occurs as tightness in the chest it may move up into the throat or down one or both arms. Occasionally it may only occur in the teeth or in the back between the shoulder blades. Patients may describe it as a “weight on my chest” or “constriction”. Occasionally the only symptom may be acute breathlessness.
The cardinal feature is the relation to increased heart work and its relief by stopping activity. In addition one should use a trintrin preparation. If pain is present use another dose after five minutes or so and repeat twice.
The treatment of angina is beyond the scope of this article however drugs which reduce the work the heart has to do (like putting a governor on your heart) are most effective and as they block the action of adrenaline are termed betablockers.
Drugs, which dilate the coronary arteries (trintrins), are also helpful. These come as patches, tablets for sucking, sprays for inhalation or as solutions for intravenous use in hospital. These should be used only when the tightness is present and not when you feel giddy or weak as they will reduce blood pressure and may cause you to faint. These also dilate all arteries and therefore may cause headache.
Trintrins are particularly dangerous when used in conjunction with some of the newer drugs for erectile dysfunction eg viagra and these must not be used within 24 hours of each other
Spasm of the coronary arteries may also cause reduction in blood flow to the heart. Everyone has some degree of spasm within their bodies and angina is generally due to mixture of both atheroma and spasm.
However angina, which occurs at rest particularly at night around 2.0am waking the patient, is due to vasospasm and is termed angina decubitus.
The symptoms are similar to angina pectoris but in this case it is spasm of the artery and the treatment is not betablockade therapy but a group of drugs called calcium antagonists. These drugs relieve the spasm of the artery.
Unstable Angina
Should the pain be prolonged and not relieved by rest and trintrin therapy the term unstable angina is used.
In this case the pain is more severe and often associated with an increase in sympathetic overactivity. Symptoms such as sweating, nausea, vomiting, palpitations, faintness or a feeling of wanting to faint (presyncope), or even syncope are common.
This is a medical emergency and an ambulance should be called without delay, as it is impossible to differentiate unstable angina from a heart attack without electrocardiograph and blood studies.
If you believe that you may have this syndrome whilst waiting for the ambulance chew a whole aspirin tablet.
This condition is generally associated with a clot being formed within one of the main coronary arteries and hospitalisation is necessary so that a definitive diagnosis may be made and urgent treatment to protect the heart from damage instituted.
Differential Diagnosis
Angina is often confused with indigestion and many patients rationalise that whilst they may consider the pain could be angina it “simply cannot happen to me’ and it is probably only indigestion or just wind.
One eminent Professor of Cardiology writing in one of the journals described how he waited for eighteen hours before going to Hospital as he thought it “ was simply bad indigestion”. He finished up with bypass surgery!
Indigestion is generally in the pit of the stomach burning in nature, often relieved by belching or by drinking a glass of milk or alkali. It has no relation to exercise, rarely referred to the arms or back, and may come up into throat as a burning sensation. Trintrins have no effect.
Hiatus hernia or oesophageal reflux may mimic vasospastic angina as they both occur at night when the patient is prone.
Silent Ischaemia
Some
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