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Casual Articles - Cisco CCNP / BCSI Exam Tutorial: Broadcasts And The IP Helper-Address Command
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R1(config)#ip forward-protocol udp ?
<0-65535> Port number
biff Biff (mail notification, comsat, 512)
bootpc Bootstrap Protocol (BOOTP) client (68)
bootps Bootstrap Protocol (BOOTP) server (67)
discard Discard (9)
dnsix DNSIX security protocol auditing (195)
domain Domain Name Service (DNS, 53)
echo Echo (7)
isakmp
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If a PC attempts to locate a DNS server with a broadcast, the broadcast will be stopped by the router and will never get to the DNS server. By configuring the ip helper-address command on the router, UDP broadcasts such as this will be translated into a unicast by the router, making the communication possible. The command should be configured on the interface that will be receiving the broadcasts.
R1(config)#int e0
R1(config-if)#ip helper-address ?
A.B.C.D IP destination address
R1(config-if)#ip helper-address 100.1.1.2
Now, you may be wondering if this command covers all UDP services. Sorry, you're not getting off that easy! The command does forward eight common UDP service broadcasts, though.
TIME, port 37
TACACS, port 49
DNS, port 53
BOOTP/DHCP Server, port 67
BOOTP/DHCP Client, port 68
TFTP, port 69
NetBIOS name service, port 137
NetBIOS datagram service, port 138
That's going to cover most scenarios where the ip helper-address command will be useful, but what about those situations where the broadcast you need forwarded is not on this list? You can use the ip forward-protocol command to add any UDP port number to the list.
Additionally, to remove protocols from the default list, use the no ip forward-protocol command. In the following example, we'll add the Network Time Protocol port to the forwarding list while removing the NetBIOS ports. Remember, you can use IOS Help to get a list of commonly filtered ports!
R1(config)#ip forward-protocol udp ?
<0-65535> Port number
biff Biff (mail notification, comsat, 512)
bootpc Bootstrap Protocol (BOOTP) client (68)
bootps Bootstrap Protocol (BOOTP) server (67)
discard Discard (9)
dnsix DNSIX security protocol auditing (195)
domain Domain Name Service (DNS, 53)
echo Echo (7)
isakmp
Finding a job can be a stressful, intimidating, agonizing experience. The process of an interview is often something that is feared greatly by many people, who work themselves up in preparing for it. Then, after you've completed the interview, you may feel that you didn't do your best at it, or you didn't persuade the interviewers as much as you would have liked. Fortunately, there are things you can do to improve your skills, boost
R1(config)#int e0
R1(config-if)#ip helper-address ?
A.B.C.D IP destination address
R1(config-if)#ip helper-address 100.1.1.2
Now, you may be wondering if this command covers all UDP services. Sorry, you're not getting off that easy! The command does forward eight common UDP service broadcasts, though.
TIME, port 37
TACACS, port 49
DNS, port 53
BOOTP/DHCP Server, port 67
BOOTP/DHCP Client, port 68
TFTP, port 69
NetBIOS name service, port 137
NetBIOS datagram service, port 138
That's going to cover most scenarios where the ip helper-address command will be useful, but what about those situations where the broadcast you need forwarded is not on this list? You can use the ip forward-protocol command to add any UDP port number to the list.
Additionally, to remove protocols from the default list, use the no ip forward-protocol command. In the following example, we'll add the Network Time Protocol port to the forwarding list while removing the NetBIOS ports. Remember, you can use IOS Help to get a list of commonly filtered ports!
R1(config)#ip forward-protocol udp ?
<0-65535> Port number
biff Biff (mail notification, comsat, 512)
bootpc Bootstrap Protocol (BOOTP) client (68)
bootps Bootstrap Protocol (BOOTP) server (67)
discard Discard (9)
dnsix DNSIX security protocol auditing (195)
domain Domain Name Service (DNS, 53)
echo Echo (7)
isakmp
If you have debts, you surely must be looking for ways to get rid of debts. it would be wiser to avail debt consolidation help from some expert of the field for effective results. There are number of companies which are solely dedicated to the cause of providing debt consolidation help to the debt ridden people.Debt consolidation help provider offers a range of solution to the debt problems. You can contact a debt consolidation
TIME, port 37
TACACS, port 49
DNS, port 53
BOOTP/DHCP Server, port 67
BOOTP/DHCP Client, port 68
TFTP, port 69
NetBIOS name service, port 137
NetBIOS datagram service, port 138
That's going to cover most scenarios where the ip helper-address command will be useful, but what about those situations where the broadcast you need forwarded is not on this list? You can use the ip forward-protocol command to add any UDP port number to the list.
Additionally, to remove protocols from the default list, use the no ip forward-protocol command. In the following example, we'll add the Network Time Protocol port to the forwarding list while removing the NetBIOS ports. Remember, you can use IOS Help to get a list of commonly filtered ports!
R1(config)#ip forward-protocol udp ?
<0-65535> Port number
biff Biff (mail notification, comsat, 512)
bootpc Bootstrap Protocol (BOOTP) client (68)
bootps Bootstrap Protocol (BOOTP) server (67)
discard Discard (9)
dnsix DNSIX security protocol auditing (195)
domain Domain Name Service (DNS, 53)
echo Echo (7)
isakmp
When looking for a home mortgage, there are several aspects that you will want to consider about this loan. First off, this is likely to be the biggest investment that you undertake in your lifetime. It should be done carefully, only after you have found the options that will fulfill your needs in the best way possible. There are several aspects that you should consider here, all of which will have a direct impact on the outcome of you
Additionally, to remove protocols from the default list, use the no ip forward-protocol command. In the following example, we'll add the Network Time Protocol port to the forwarding list while removing the NetBIOS ports. Remember, you can use IOS Help to get a list of commonly filtered ports!
R1(config)#ip forward-protocol udp ?
<0-65535> Port number
biff Biff (mail notification, comsat, 512)
bootpc Bootstrap Protocol (BOOTP) client (68)
bootps Bootstrap Protocol (BOOTP) server (67)
discard Discard (9)
dnsix DNSIX security protocol auditing (195)
domain Domain Name Service (DNS, 53)
echo Echo (7)
isakmp
Personal Loans are loans that are easily available and help you fulfill a number of needs. Personal loans are not taken out for a specific purpose. You may take out a personal loan to fulfill all your big and small needs. You may avail a personal loan to consolidate your debt. A cheap personal loan can be used to pay high rate credit card dues. Moreover, you will need to repay the loan to just one lender.A personal loan m
R1(config)#ip forward-protocol udp ?
<0-65535> Port number
biff Biff (mail notification, comsat, 512)
bootpc Bootstrap Protocol (BOOTP) client (68)
bootps Bootstrap Protocol (BOOTP) server (67)
discard Discard (9)
dnsix DNSIX security protocol auditing (195)
domain Domain Name Service (DNS, 53)
echo Echo (7)
isakmp Internet Security Association and Key Management Protocol (500)
mobile-ip Mobile IP registration (434)
nameserver IEN116 name service (obsolete, 42)
netbios-dgm NetBios datagram service (138)
netbios-ns NetBios name service (137)
netbios-ss NetBios session service (139)
ntp Network Time Protocol (123)
pim-auto-rp PIM Auto-RP (496)
rip Routing Information Protocol (router, in.routed, 520)
snmp Simple Network Management Protocol (161)
snmptrap SNMP Traps (162)
sunrpc Sun Remote Procedure Call (111)
syslog System Logger (514)
tacacs TAC Access Control System (49)
talk Talk (517)
tftp Trivial File Transfer Protocol (69)
time Time (37)
who Who service (rwho, 513)
xdmcp X Display Manager Control Protocol (177)
R1(config)#ip forward-protocol udp 123
R1(config)#no ip forward-protocol udp 137
R1(config)#no ip forward-protocol udp 138 As you can see, the ip helper-address command helps work around the fact that broadcasts aren't forwarded by routers by default, and if you just need to send one or two broadcast types, the other types can be turned off easily.
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